Driven concrete pile.



K. D. MACLEAN.

DRIVEN CONCRETE PILE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 2. 1914.

' Patented Apr. 11, 1916,

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K. D'. MAcLEAN.

DRIVEN CONCRETE PILE.

APPLICATION man Nov. 2. 1914.

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ATTORNEY .To all 'whom t may concern.:

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.-

KIR'BY DONALD MACLEAN, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TOTI-IE MARINE FOUNDATION CO., OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORA- TION OF CALIFORNIA.

DRIVEN CONCRETE PILE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

Application filed November 2, 1914. Serial No. 869,788.

. Be it known that I, KIRBY DONALD MAC- LEAN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new' and usefullmprovements in Driven Concrete Piles, of which the following is a specification. A

. This invention relates to concrete pile lconstruction and pertains especially to improvei ments in concrete 'socket piles of the character shown and described in my prior Patent #1,074,275, dated September 30, 1913. In this prior patent I have shown a concrete socket pile embodying a monolithic reinforced concrete body portion solid in cross section with its lower end having an internal elongated socket in which is fitted the upper end of a timber pile or extension, which timber pile or extension lby reasonl of its connection with the reinforce concrete body will be held in alinement with said ibody and the whole structure driven by powerapplied to the upper j unit after the manner of driving .ordinary j end of the pile as a piles by machinery now in use.

In practice it has been found that reinforced concrete piles when driven must in order to prevent shattering have their up.- per ends protected by some sort of a cushion block. vAfter the pile has been driven it has then been customary to knock away the concrete at the upper end to expose thereinforcing rods by which the superstructure ma beabound to the pile. .j

ne object of the present invention is t0 provide ways and means by which the pilel when cast may be left with the ends of the reinforcing rods projecting the desiredv distance beyond the body of concrete and at the same time to allow the pile to be driven without interfering with the rods and without injury to the pile. It has also been found difficultheretofore yto erect these concrete socket piles in deep water without having the wooden pile `of excessive length, owing to the fact that the wood pile has got to be driven below the mud line. In some cases in deepwvater and comparatively shallow driving bottom .it may' be difficult to set the wooden pile properly below the mud line. Hence, one obj ect of the present invention is to provide ways and means by which I can use any desired length of concrete pile v for the receipt of the super-structure. j

lorder to drive a pile with these projecting with just suflicient length of wooden pile to provide the desired anchorage.

Another thing discovered in connection with the use of the concrete socket-pile was the necessity of making a rigid bond or union between the confcrete pile and the woodenpile. This result is accomplished in the present invention and by the means hereinafter to be described.

The invention consists of the parts and l the combination and construction of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figures 1, 2 and 3 are vertical sections.r

4 is an isometric projection of the cushlon block. Fig. 5 1s a perspective of the upper end of the pile. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the assembled invention illustrating its use.

4A represents a precast pile of reinforced concrete molded in suitable forms prior to driving.' It is fitted on the end with a socket 2 for superimposing upon a wooden pile 3. The concrete pile A and socket 2 are suitably reinforced by vertical corrugated bars 4 wrappedwith wire 5. In practice the socket is usually wrapped4 on a 3 inch pitch and the shaft on ya 6 inch pitch. By my method of driving, the longitudinal reinforcing bars a are allowed to project a foot or more beyond the cast body of concrete. This is highly desirable so as to enable the formation of a flat upper end of the pile suitable In ends I employ a cushion block 6 of wood,

which is bored with longitudinal holes 6 Y corresponding to the projecting ends of the rods 4 withthe Hat end of the block adapted to rest on the flat upper end of the concrete pile; and this block G is suitably reinforced by heavy iron bands 7.

In using concrete socket piles it is customary' to use a wooden pile ofa length that when driven its top will be a foot or two below the mud line. vWhen workingin shallow water and soft foundations one may use a wooden pile and drive it to within a short distance of the water line and 4then fit the concrete socket pile over it and drive the two into position; Vhere working in deep water, or where the depth of the penetrable bottom is less than the depth of the water chamber l0 between thereby requiring a Wooden section of less .length than the depthl of water, it has not been possible to follow the above method. Consequently in casting the concrete pile I have embedded into the head of the socket a suitable number of heavy pointed spikes 8 of suitable size and number that instead of driving the wooden pile first alone, it is suspended vertically from the driving machine in such position that the' concrete section can be readily lowered over it, and by its weight forcing the spikes into-the head of the wooden pile as shown in Fig. l sufiiciently to suspend it from the socket pile when the two are lowered as a unit through the water and into the mud.

Before submerging the socket end of the concrete pile and at a point near where the bottom of the socket would come, a mortar tight collar or gasket 9 of burlap or other suitable material is placed around the wooden pile so as to inclose an annular the wooden pile and the inner walls of the socket, into whichsuitable grout is filled through a small pipe l1v embedded at the shoulder of the socket.

The joint formed made.

In operation the concrete section is suspended a few inches above,its nal seat thereby providing space for an excess of the grout.- This grout fills all the space 2 in the socket as shown more particularly in Fig. 2 not occupied by the Wood; the pipe llv then being capped. The socket pile with its wooden endl?) is dropped into place forcing the wooden pile into its final position and thereby forcing under great pressure the extra grout into all the voids so as to effectually form the joint between the con-- crete and wood sections by providing the greatest possible density of grout to give a maximum adhesion between thel grout and the wood on the one hand, and the grout and the concrete on the other, thereby providing a rigid closure between the two vparts of the combination. The `wooden cushion 5 is then' slipped over the projecting' ends of the longitudinal reinforcing rods 4 and alsoA to rest on the concrete. The combined pile is then driven into place immediately. between the concrete pile and the wooden pile after setting has as much or more strength than any other section of the pile, as shown by various tests Any type of super-structure can be used. Such pile is immune from decay, fire, or marine insect attack, since there is a4 solid con- I claim and desire to ile a wooden from a short distance below the mud line upward; the wooden pile being practically ever-lasting `below mud. By means of the wooden cushion 6 with the recesses 6 to receive the -exposed ends of the reinforcing rods, the pile can be driven without shattering and without bending the reinforcing rods. This isquite an important constructional feature.

Having thus described my invention, what secure by Letters Patcrete construction ent is` l. A- reinforced concrete pile having a socket in one end thereof to receive a wooden pile, a wooden pile of less diameter than said socket inserted therein, means for loosely suspending said wooden pile Within the socket and out of contact with the concrete pile, a gasket around said wooden pile for closing means for filling the chamber around said wooden pile.

2.- A reinforced concrete pile having a socket in one end thereof to receive a wooden pile of less diameter than said socket inserted therein, means for loosely suspending said wooden pile within the socket and out of contact with the concrete pile, a gasket around said wooden pile for closing the lower endof said socket, and

means for filling the chamber around said wooden pile, said filling being compressed byy forcing said Xwooden pile intofinal position with one end in contact with the head of said socket.

3. The process-of forming a pile which consists in'suspending a wooden pile within the socket of a suitably constructed concrete pile and out of contact therewith toprovide a space on all sidesthereof, filling said space with grout, and then forcing said wooden pile into the socketto pack the grout.

4. The process of forming a pile which consists in loosely suspending a wooden pile in the socket. of a suitably constructed concrete pile in such manner as to provide a space above the head of the pile, filling said space with grout, and then forcing the Wooden pile into the socket to displace the grout from above the head thereof.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto the lower end of said socket, and y set my hand in the presence of two subscrib- 

